|
|
Data analysis from ophthalmologic devices
Brož, Petr ; Hemzal, Dušan (referee) ; Kolář, Radim (advisor)
In the bechelor theses is a brief overview of anatomy, optic environment and the basic refractive errors of the eye. Listed below are the diagnostic techniques that the patient must undergo before cataract surgery (biometry, keratometry of the eye and subjective measure of visual acuity). The practical part consists of two surveys. In the first research are statistically compared (Wilcoxon paired test, Spearman's correlation coefficient) biometrics methods - acoustic and optical biometry. The second research is evaluated subjective level of uncorrected visual acuity before cataract surgery and after. At the end of this work are discussed and evaluated the results of both studies.
|
|
|
Equipment for pressing the cataract into the injection pump housing.
Trutna, Pavel ; Šlais, Miroslav (referee) ; Forejt, Milan (advisor)
The goal of this work was the engineering of a new machine for pressing the cataract into the injection pump VP30 housing. Based on criteria from the point of view of ergonomics, assembly, shape of the housing and costs, the machine has been engineered so as to clamp the pump housing and press the cataract into the appropriate housing channel. Machine designing has been performed using 3D CAD software which is able to provide drawings and 3D data.
|
|
|
Developmental disorders of the lens and anterior segment of the eye
Jedličková, Jana ; Ďuďáková, Ľubica (advisor) ; Šafka Brožková, Dana (referee) ; Cvekl, Ales (referee)
The anterior segment of the eye includes the eyelids, eyelashes, tear film, cornea, conjunctiva, iris, pupil, ciliary body, chamber angle, and lens. Cataracts and anterior segment dysgenesis are a highly heterogeneous group of diseases exhibiting all types of Mendelian inheritance. The aim of this thesis was molecular genetic analysis of 51 patients from 23 families with congenital and early onset cataracts and/or anterior segment dysgenesis, using a modern as well as conventional methods, such as next-generation sequencing, direct sequencing, bioinformatic and functional analyses including the use of artificial splicing vectors. We identified 24 causal variants in the coding, non-coding and regulatory regions of the PAX6, FTL, FOXC1, PITX2, FOXE3, and CHRDL1 genes. We confirmed the role of the n.37C>T variant in MIR204 in the development of chorioretinal dystrophy variably associated with iris coloboma, early-onset cataracts and congenital glaucoma. Splicing assay confirmed pathogenic effect of two mutations on pre-mRNA splicing of the PAX6 gene. Establishing molecular genetics diagnosis improves patient counselling and their relatives in terms of the prognosis and risk of developing secondary glaucoma Key words: molecular-genetic diagnosis, anterior segment dysgenesis, next-generation sequencing,...
|
|
|
Enhancement of a mechanical eye model setup for IOL testing
Dvořák, Ferdinand ; BSc, Andrea Balz (referee) ; BSc, Lukas Traxler, (advisor)
Cataract is the most common cause of blindness. The only way to treat it is the cataract surgery during which the affected crystalline lens is destroyed and removed from the eye and replaced with an implantable intraocular lens. After the cataract surgery, a displacement of the intraocular lens from its aligned position happens in some cases. The lenses may be of several designs and their properties are subject to regulatory standards. These standards, however, do not include testing of the postoperative displacement of the lens. For this purpose, an optomechanical eye model setup was previously developed to enable measuring of the wavefront aberrations of the intraocular lenses. As this setup does not perfectly mimic the physiology of the human eye and the manipulation with it may sometimes introduce unwanted errors, the objective of this thesis is to fight the above-mentioned imperfections and develop a new, enhanced eye model setup which will address these.
|
|
|
Characterization of mice with constitutively active Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway in lens
Antošová, Barbora ; Kozmik, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Pavlínková, Gabriela (referee)
Lens development and differentiation are strictly regulated processes. Various disturbances of these processes can lead to vision-limiting pathologies. The vertebrate lens is composed of epithelial cells and terminally differentiated fiber cells. Differentiation of fiber cells is connected with expression of fiber cell specific proteins (such as crystallins), cell cycle exit, and finally with the degradation of cell nucleus and organelles. Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays important roles during early eye development as well as later during the lens differentiation. To investigate the consequences of constitutive activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in lens fiber cells transgenic mouse strain, called CLEF, was created. Constitutive activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in fiber cells of CLEF mouse is achieved by transgenic protein CLEF that contains C-terminal activation domain of β-catenin fused to the amino terminus of full-length protein Lef1. The expression of CLEF transgene is under the control of αA-crystallin promoter. As a result of constitutive activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in fiber cells, adult CLEF mice develop cataracts and microphthalmia, and the morphology of adult mutant lenses is disrupted. Transgenic CLEF mRNA is expressed starting from E13.5 and by E16.5 transgenic CLEF protein is...
|
|
|
Cost Analysis of Treatment of Cataract
Pleskačová, Iva ; Lešetický, Ondřej (advisor) ; Pažitný, Peter (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on cost analysis of cataract treatment.The aim of the diploma thesis is to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of cataract surgery and treatment in terms of the costs and benefits of treatment in two possible ways from the perspective of the patient and the health care facility.
|
|
|
Specifics of education process in a patient with cataract
Čádová, Jana ; Tomová, Šárka (advisor) ; Křivková, Jana (referee)
This bachelor thesis on a topic "Specifics of the education process in a patient with cataract" is focused on the educational activities of a nurse in patients after a cataract surgery. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part concerns cataract, history and types. It describes the educational process of nurses and nursing care for patients after cataract surgery. The practical part describes results of the exploratory questionnaire survey, which was held in five Prague hospitals. The exploratory involved two groups of respondents, ophthalmic nurses working in clinics/departments and patients who have undergone cataract surgery. Results of the questionnaire survey are summarised at the end of the thesis, in chapter discussion. They show that observed populations are similar, for example in the selected form of education. Furthermore, the different opinions were confirmed, such as the question of family member's presence during the education.
|
|
|
Characterization of mice with constitutively active Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway in lens
Antošová, Barbora ; Kozmik, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Pavlínková, Gabriela (referee)
Lens development and differentiation are strictly regulated processes. Various disturbances of these processes can lead to vision-limiting pathologies. The vertebrate lens is composed of epithelial cells and terminally differentiated fiber cells. Differentiation of fiber cells is connected with expression of fiber cell specific proteins (such as crystallins), cell cycle exit, and finally with the degradation of cell nucleus and organelles. Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays important roles during early eye development as well as later during the lens differentiation. To investigate the consequences of constitutive activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in lens fiber cells transgenic mouse strain, called CLEF, was created. Constitutive activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in fiber cells of CLEF mouse is achieved by transgenic protein CLEF that contains C-terminal activation domain of β-catenin fused to the amino terminus of full-length protein Lef1. The expression of CLEF transgene is under the control of αA-crystallin promoter. As a result of constitutive activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in fiber cells, adult CLEF mice develop cataracts and microphthalmia, and the morphology of adult mutant lenses is disrupted. Transgenic CLEF mRNA is expressed starting from E13.5 and by E16.5 transgenic CLEF protein is...
|
|
|
Data analysis from ophthalmologic devices
Brož, Petr ; Hemzal, Dušan (referee) ; Kolář, Radim (advisor)
In the bechelor theses is a brief overview of anatomy, optic environment and the basic refractive errors of the eye. Listed below are the diagnostic techniques that the patient must undergo before cataract surgery (biometry, keratometry of the eye and subjective measure of visual acuity). The practical part consists of two surveys. In the first research are statistically compared (Wilcoxon paired test, Spearman's correlation coefficient) biometrics methods - acoustic and optical biometry. The second research is evaluated subjective level of uncorrected visual acuity before cataract surgery and after. At the end of this work are discussed and evaluated the results of both studies.
|
|
|
Equipment for pressing the cataract into the injection pump housing.
Trutna, Pavel ; Šlais, Miroslav (referee) ; Forejt, Milan (advisor)
The goal of this work was the engineering of a new machine for pressing the cataract into the injection pump VP30 housing. Based on criteria from the point of view of ergonomics, assembly, shape of the housing and costs, the machine has been engineered so as to clamp the pump housing and press the cataract into the appropriate housing channel. Machine designing has been performed using 3D CAD software which is able to provide drawings and 3D data.
|
guest ::
